![]() These CMs and others can be found on the MacUpdate Site [ There’s more focused CM tools listed below. GraphicConverter – Only a few universal ‘moves’įruitMenu - My Favorite ‘super’ Haxie - FruitMenu is a haxie that gives you the ability to customize the Apple Menu and contextual menus. Macintosh OS X CM Actions///Try them out – Try accessing the CM’s in the following environments and see both what you get and how the difference CM differ in their choices based on where you mouse is pointed. Any who can find it, please provide feedback in our comments window. I seem to have discarded it along the way of moving through OS upgrades. But who want to cram hundreds of shortcuts into their memory.Īctually there was, years ago, a CM for collecting shortcuts. However, if short-cuts are assigned to selected menu based actions, the keyboard short cut is faster. ![]() Most often, these are more focused ways of achieving a usual menu bar action, but accessed faster and with less mousing around, clicking and scrolling. Usually the available choices are actions directly related to the selected object. On systems that support one-button mice, the original and mist recent Apple Mice, contextual menus are typically opened by pressing and holding the primary mouse button (most often on one the icons in the Dock on Mac OS X) or more usually by pressing a keyboard/mouse button combination (e.g. Contextual menus appear with most items in the Finder, but won’t necessarily be available in other applications. Other items will give you different menu options. For example, if you Ctrl-click a file icon, you can choose to open it, open Get Info or an Info window about it, give it a label, duplicate it, or make an alias of it. It is called a contextual menu because its contents depend on the item you click the menu features a list of commands you can perform relative to, or within the context of, the item you click. In Mac OS X, when you hold the Ctrl key down and click an item (e.g., an icon or window), a pop-up menu appears. What are they and where are they hidden?.This makes it possible to quickly repeat an action with the same actions (parameters of the previous execution), and to better separate options from actions. The implementations differ: Microsoft Word was one of the first applications to only show sub-entries of some menu entries after clicking an arrow icon on the context menu, otherwise executing an action associated with the parent entry. Like standard menus, contextual menus are sometimes hierarchically organized, allowing navigation through different levels of the menu structure. I’ve share a few of my favorites later in this article. In addition, there are excellent free contextual menu plug-ins for Mac OS X 10.4 to OS X 10.6 that can be added to Mac OS X to let you easily view images, launch applications or organize files. For example, in Safari, a contextual menu can be used to easily view or print a web page or to view the source code (HTML code) of any web page. If you don’t yet use these tools, you will be surprised to know that contextual menus can provide unexpected useful features. It will focus ONLY on what you can-are allowed-to do from that point (location) in your work. That menu will change as the CONTEXT of what you are doing changes. When this works, at the place where your mouse’s pointer is ‘hovering’, Shazam, a menu that focuses only the actions/options available to you magically appears. The tool you use on a 2-button mouse is a right hand click.) On Apple’s one-button mice, a bit more fuss, but still easy, an Option Key-Mouse Click. Huh, I always hide my sidebar in open finder windows, making them visible only if I have to do a sidebar-oriented task.īut there’s a faster more focused and faster way, in many cases, to deal with desired ‘short-cut’ actions while you work in a context specific way - Save time, spare your wrists and your mind from extra work - use contextual menus where they are available. There are also the added choice of using the Apple dock and when visible the open/active window sidebar. By Harry and of course keyboard short cuts.
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![]() ![]() However, when high concentrations of chromium waste pollute bodies of water, it causes damage to the gills of nearby fish. ![]() Unlike mercury, biomagnification is not a normal occurrence with chromium. One industry that contributes a large amount of chromium pollution is the ferrochrome industry. When disposed of in landfills, toxic chromium seeps from the soil into the water. Most of the chromium pollution in the environment is the result of waste from human activities such as mining and leather tanning. It is also insoluble whereas hexavalent chromium is soluble. As previously mentioned, trivalent chromium is less toxic than hexavalent. The two stable forms found in the environment are trivalent and hexavalent chromium. Like with humans, chromium is also toxic for microorganisms, plants, and animals. One major consequence of this is that it may lead to kidney and liver failure. Ultimately, this leads to in vitro hemolysis, which is the rupturing of red blood cells. The way this happens is chromium(VI) enters the bloodstream and begins to create a series of oxidization reactions. For example, earlier in this article, it was mentioned that hexavalent chromium can destroy red blood cells. These include skin rashes, weakened immune systems, altered genetic material, lung cancer, and even death.Īs previously stated, the toxicity comes from the high oxidizing power. However, hexavalent chromium or chromium (VI) is extremely toxic and causes a wide variety of adverse health effects. Lack of exposure to it can cause disturbances in biological processes such as metabolism and lead to health problems such as diabetes. For example, trivalent chromium, which has a +3 oxidation state, is an essential nutrient for humans. However, as the oxidation state increases, so does the health risks associated with it. Chromium in Today’s World Human Health and ChromiumĬhromium metal alone exists at low toxicity. Chrome plating is also commonly used in automotive parts. Common household items that are manufactured with chrome plating are doorknobs, bathroom taps, and lighting fixtures. The result is a thin layer of chromium being left on top of either a metal or alloy substrate. It is accomplished by passing an electric current between two electrodes immersed in an electrolyte bath with chromic acid. Chromium is a great choice for plating as it is lustrous, hard, and naturally resistant to tarnishing and corrosion. Electroplating with ChromiumĮlectroplating, also known as electrodeposition, is the process of plating one metal onto another to prevent corrosion or enhance the appearance. Naturally occurring chromium is a mix of four isotopes. It is the first element in the periodic table to violate the Aufbau principle. Chromium chemistry has some things in common with vanadium, manganese and molybdenum.Ĭhromium’s electron configuration is 3d 5 4s 1. It is the first element of group 6, along with molybdenum and tungsten. It lies to the left of manganese and the right of vanadium on the periodic table. Hexavalent chromium or chromium is extremely toxic as it can cause cancer, destroy red blood cells, and give rise to genetic mutations.Ĭhromium is a hard, silvery transition metal with atomic symbol Cr and atomic number 24.Trivalent chromium is a vital micronutrient and aids the efficiency of insulin in individuals who struggle with glucose intolerance.Southern Africa and Zimbabwe supply 99% of the world’s chromite which is composed of iron(II) oxide and chromium(III) oxide.75% of chromium produced today is used in alloys such as stainless steel to protect and shine base metals such as copper or zinc.Chromium is named after the Greek word ‘chroma’ or ‘chromos’ which translates to ‘color’ and references the element’s ability to compose colorful compounds.Find out more about this radiant transition metal down below! Interesting Facts about Chromium! Moreover, it has a rich chemistry and is well known for creating colorful compounds and is often used to both protect and polish other metals through a process called electroplating. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.The element chromium (Cr) can be found in group 6 on the periodic table. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification. ![]() This approach helps to ensure that most of your comics have a reasonable value estimate based only on real sales data (not speculation). Our approach is as follows:ġ) If no condition info is entered for a comic, we will show you the FMV for the most common condition of that comic.Ģ) If you’ve entered condition info, we will show you the FMV for that specific condition, when it’s available.ģ) If that specific condition has no sale values available, we will show you the FMV for the most common condition of that comic (either raw or slabbed) Our goal is to provide our members with the closest FMV (fair market value) for all the comics in their COVRPRICE collection. HOW CAN I HELP COVRPICE CAPTURE MY SALES?Ĭomic Title, Issue #, Issue Year, and Variant Info (usually the cover artists last name)įor example: Captain Marvel #1 (2015) - Hughes Variant If you think we missed a sale that you want entered into CovrPrice just contact us at with information about the sale and our humans will investigate and add it for you. That’s why we do all the leg work and show both graded and raw values. Don’t get us wrong, grading is a great way to preserve and authenticate the condition of your comic, but it’s also important to know what the other 95% of your raw collection is worth. Also, most comic collections are made up of non-graded comics. However, if a seller states a comic is a 9.8 and a buyer buys it, one might infer that the buyer was in fact willing to pay that amount for that condition. Please Note: Since raw condition information comes from the seller’s listing itself, it should be viewed as subjective. When we’re able to determine the condition/grade of a raw comic, we’ll list that grade in blue next to the sale. We’re working hard to provide you with more information about the raw sales data we capture. With this in mind, CovrPrice only displays actual sales data (taken across multiple online marketplaces… not just eBay) to help you better determine the best value for your comics. Raw Sales Data COVRPRICE’S TAKE ON COMIC VALUESĪ comic is only worth what someone is willing to pay for it. This will help our robots better identify and sort your sales more accurately. That’s easy, when listing your comics for sale on 3rd party marketplaces be sure you include the following:Ĭomic Title, Issue #, Issue Year, Variant Info (usually the cover artists last name), and Grade info.įor example Captain Marvel #1 (2015) - Hughes Variant - CGC 9.8 HOW CAN I HELP COVRPICE CAPTURE MY SALES? If you think we missed a sale that you want to be entered into CovrPrice just contact us at with information about the sale and our humans will investigate and add it for you. While we don’t capture 100% of every sale in the market we’re getting closer and closer to that goal. We only integrate sales for comics that our robots are confident are correct. (Trust us, we’ve tried) To ensure the quality of our data we error on the side of caution, valuing accuracy over quantity. It’s simply impossible for a human to determine the authenticity of every sale coming our way. “I sold a comic last week, why isn’t it showing up on your site?”Īt CovrPrice, we capture tens of thousands of sales DAILY. To see the most recent sales data for each condition be sure to look at the individual sales data listed in the tables below. ![]() Here we take the average for each condition and display it as a data point. Our goal for this graph is to show overall sales trends for officially graded comics. Slabbed Sales Data COVRPRICE’S TAKE ON COMIC VALUESĪ comic is only worth what someone is willing to pay for it. ![]() He stated the Catholic position on Easter which the vast majority of Christians follow, irrespective of denomination. Jehovah’s Witness celebrates what it calls the Memorial of Christ’s death or the Lord’s Evening Meal, claiming that it is “an observance that Jesus himself instituted on his last night on earth He told his disciples: ‘Keep doing this in remembrance of me.’”īut the Catholic Archbishop of Lagos Metropolitan See, Most Rev Adewale Martins, insisted that “The celebration of Easter is Biblical.” It argues that there is no record of Jesus’ early disciples observing Easter Sunday as only the memorial celebration – not Easter – is commanded in the Bible. If celebrating Easter is so important, why is there no specific command in the Bible to do so? Jehovah Witness challenges. This Memorial each year is on the anniversary of his death according to the Bible’s lunar calendar,” which coincides with Nissan 14, the day of the Jewish Passover, a date that fell on April 14 this year. “Jesus commanded that we commemorate his death, not His resurrection …. If you look into its history, though, you will see the true meaning of Easter – it is a tradition based on ancient fertility rites. Jehovah’s Witness says on its website: “The celebration of Easter is not based on the Bible. “Go to our website, you will find our church’s official position on Easter,” the wife urged. The couple echo the view of the Jehovah Witness sect. ![]() His wife added: “While we share our beliefs about Easter with others when asked, we also respect each person’s right to decide what he will do.” “If the thousand and one all follow the same path, then there is no cause for alarm but if a thousand follow a path, and the remaining one follows a different path, there is need for the one thousand to have a rethink and critically review their position.” I feel pain that many don’t have the understanding. ![]() There are other Christians who know this truth and who don’t attach importance to the festivities of Easter. He said they “take comfort from the Biblical parable of the narrow and the broad paths. ![]() Professional mechanics and auto techs 1 trusted source for automotive repair tools. Learn how Diesel Compression Testers can make your job easier and save you time. No.8102-111 - Diesel Adaptor Seal & washer Kit. Diesel Compression Testers Diagnostics Service. At Total Tools, we have built a strong reputation in the industry that has been achieved and maintained by our uncompromising commitment to quality and customer service, as well as being one of Australia’s largest power tools suppliers. T&E Tools Diesel Compression Tester Set covers most cars and light Commercials vehicles. You may also browse our extensive range of mechanical service tools including brake caliper spreaders, cooling system testers, engine servicing, and compression struts. 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Kit comes with a high quality pressure gauge which has an oil filled gauge covered in a rubber protector to give you an accurate reading every time.Īudi, Citroen, Dacia, Daihatsu, Fiat, Ford, Isuzu, Lancia, Land Rover, Leyland/DAF, Mazda, Mercedes, Mitsubishi, Nissan, Peugeot, Renault, Rover, Seat, Toyota, Vauxhall/Opel(GM), VW, Volvo.Ĭomes with a 3" (75mm) easy read dial with built in pressure relief valve to allow repeat tests without dismantlingģ6cm hose for access into restricted awkward areas.Easily and accurately check the compression on your engine, whether it be diesel or petrol. Performance Tool W89735 Diesel Compression Tester Kit. Diesel Compression Testers Diagnostics Service. Suitable for virtually all diesel engines including modern ones. Quick release coupling allow fast changing between adapters. Diesel Compression TesterComprehensive test kit for both direct and indirect diesel injected carsSimple and easy to useChecks engine compression under cranking. 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![]() Senate committee this week that could significantly increase American military support for Taiwan. In February, China announced sanctions on Raytheon and Lockheed Martin over a $100 million deal for maintenance of Taiwan’s missile defense systems by the two companies.Ĭhina also protested a bill that was approved by a U.S. She called on the Czech lawmakers "to refrain from sending the wrong signals to the separatist forces of Taiwan independence and to stop undermining. “China is firmly opposed to any form of official contact between Taiwan and countries having diplomatic relations with China,” Mao said. ![]() A 14-member delegation is to arrive Sunday for a six-day visit, according to Taiwan media reports. Mao also expressed China's opposition to an upcoming Taiwan trip by Czech lawmakers. does not formally recognize Taiwan under its one-China policy but is the island's main supplier of military equipment and is bound by its own laws to ensure Taiwan can defend itself. Taiwan and China split in 1949 during a civil war that brought the Communist Party to power in Beijing. stop arms sales to Taiwan and military contact with Taiwan, and stop creating new factors that could lead to tensions in the Taiwan Strait," Mao said at a daily briefing.Ĭhina claims Taiwan, a self-governing island of 23 million people off its east coast, as its territory and says it must eventually come under its control. Join our hosts as they take you in and out of courtrooms in the U.S. ![]() ![]() Read the Latest Government Politics News on The Eastern Herald.Courthouse News’ podcast Sidebar tackles the stories you need to know from the legal world. As explained in Beijing, the maneuvers are a warning to all those who advocate the independence of the island and the protection of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the PRC. The Harpoon (RGM-84/UGM-84/AGM-84) is a U.S.-designed subsonic antiship cruise missile that has been in service since 1977. Recall that a few days ago, the People’s Liberation Army of China held large-scale exercises off the coast of Taiwan. US State Department okays potential deal of 100 Boeing-made Harpoon Coastal Defense Systems to Taiwan, a. The weapons arrived at Taoyuan International Airport late last week on a Boeing 747 cargo aircraft. US approves 2.37B Harpoon missile sale to Taiwan. Taiwan has received the first batch of FIM-92 Stinger air defense missiles from the US as part of a 500 million military aid package. Beijing simply cannot allow the appearance of such weapons in the Taiwanese military, as this calls into question not only the naval blockade of the island, but also the actions of the Chinese fleet in general. Taiwan Takes Delivery of Stinger Air Defense Missiles From US. Meanwhile, military experts believe the attempted transfer of ground-based anti-ship missiles to Taiwan could serve as a signal for action for the Chinese military. Boeing (NYSE: BA) will produce Harpoon anti-ship system equipment for Taiwan to fulfill a foreign military sales requirement under a 498.3 million order from the U.S. Taiwan to purchase up to 400 ground-launched Harpoon missiles to thwart possible Chinese invasion Boeing says the missile uses GPS-aided inertial navigation and delivers a 500-pound blast warhead. It is pointed out that the supply of a large batch of anti-ship missiles will be carried out within the framework of the decision of the United States Congress to sell weapons to Taiwan. Harpoon missiles are capable of striking ships and land targets. MaContract Awards, News 00:00 00:00 Boeing (NYSE: BA) will produce Harpoon anti-ship system equipment for Taiwan to fulfill a foreign military sales requirement under a 498.3. According to the publication, the US Department of Defense has already signed a contract with Boeing Corporation for the purchase of 400 Harpoon missiles. Verstappen went one step further by winning the UK 70th Anniversary Formula One Grand Prix, further solidifying his position as a home-away-from-home on the Formula One podium. Then Verstappen put an end to doubts about his future by agreeing to a contract extension, which seemed to inspire even more noteworthy outcomes in 2020. Verstappen outperformed himself throughout the 2019 Formula One season, placing third overall. ![]() After a remarkable drive in monsoon-soaked Brazil, Verstappen finished fifth overall in the 2016 World Championship, solidifying his position as the sport’s most promising young driver. ![]() After just four races in 2016, he left Scuderia Toro Rosso for Red Bull Racing. When Verstappen joined Scuderia Toro Rosso in 2015, he broke the record for the youngest Formula One driver ever. He then won an incredible six consecutive races to finish third overall. Verstappen won his sixth race at 16 years of age to take the F3 championship by storm. By 2013, Verstappen had won almost all karting events. In 2005, things got more serious, as he participated in and won every race in his first championship, the Belgium Championship Mini (VAS). ![]() It wasn’t long before Verstappen began racing, and by 2003, he was routinely karting in Genk, Belgium. Verstappen also has three younger half-siblings from his father’s second and current marriage. He moved in with his father after his parents divorced when he was a child, while his younger sister Victoria moved in with their mother. Max Verstappen was born in Hasselt, Belgium, to Jos Verstappen and Sophie Kumpen. ![]() ![]() Our ability to construct knotted structures that can be replicated and transcribed enzymatically, with the use of designer single-stranded nucleic acids that can self-fold into molecular knots of customized shapes, allows us to significantly reduce the cost of production as compared with the cost of the multi-stranded DNA nanostructure systems. The 3D knots were characterized by cryogenic transmission electronic microscopy (cryo-EM) single particle reconstruction, which confirmed their designated geometries. Furthermore, we expanded the design strategy to construct ssRNA knots and three-dimensional (3D) ssDNA knots. A series of design rules have been formulated to significantly improve the yield of well-formed target structures. The yield of the folded knots was optimized by programming a step-wise hierarchical folding pathway through sequence design in the paranemic cohesion regions. Various ssDNA knots that had different crossing numbers and that displayed two-dimensional (2D) patterns were designed, constructed, and characterized using atomic force microscope (AFM) imaging. Each of these ssDNA or ssRNA knots are folded and then self-assembled from a replicable single-stranded nucleic acid molecule with sizes ranging from 1700 to 7500 nucleotides (nt). A crossing number is a knot invariant that shows the smallest number of crossings in any diagram of the knot, representing the topological complexity of a knot 18. Here, we present a general approach to creating topological knots of ssDNA and ssRNA with high crossing numbers (up to 57). However, this strategy presents an important yet unanswered question: can partially paired, dsDNA thread through its own entanglement to form highly knotted topological structures? In contrast to the strategies that rely on the design of individual topological nodes and finding the appropriate DNA motifs/interactions with which to assemble such nodes, a different approach is to fold one long single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) chain into programmable topologies. Synthetic topological DNA nanostructures have previously been constructed by creating topological nodes based on B-form/Z-form double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) helices 11, 12, 13, 14, paranemic crossovers 15, 16, and DNA four-way junctions 17. The programmability of nucleic acids 9, 10 makes them excellent candidates to use for creating topological knots at a molecular level. ![]() It is challenging to design and construct highly knotted nanostructures with well-defined topologies and geometries. The construction of molecular knots requires a high level of control over their assembly behaviors at a nanometer scale 8. Although knotted DNA structures are present in some bacterial phage genomes during the packing of the genomic DNA into the phage capsid 6, 7, they are not very predictable or well-organized. Knotted DNA structures are usually formed during genomic DNA replication and transcription and are eventually resolved by DNA topoisomerases 5. During protein folding, the protein molecules occasionally exhibit small amounts of crossings 1, 2, 3, 4. Naturally existing molecular knots have been found in biopolymers, such as DNA and proteins. |
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